What Is CMOS, Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor, Diagram

July 12, 2021February 21, 2022 CS Electrical And Electronics

Hello guys, welcome back to my blog. In this article, I will discuss what is CMOS, applications of CMOS, characteristics of the complementary metal-oxide semiconductor, etc. Each and everything I will try to explain in a simple way.

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CMOS

What is CMOS?

The complete form of CMOS is a Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor. C-MOS is a major class of integrated circuits. CMOS chips include a microprocessor, microcontrollers, memories like RAM, and other digital logic circuits. The term “complementary” relates to the point that design uses symmetrical pairs of p-type and n-type MOSFET transistors for logic functions, only one of which is switched on at any time.

The CMOS is a combination of PMOS and NMOS as shown in the above figure. The PMOS is responsible for charging whereas the NMOS is responsible for discharging. The PMOS has the advantage of charging and has a disadvantage while discharging, whereas the NMOS has the advantage of discharging and has the disadvantage of charging because of power loss.

By taking advantage of PMOS and NMOS, the C-MOS is built. Now let’s see the working of CMOS.

We all know that the PMOS will be turn on only when we give low input to the gate and the NMOS will be turn on only when we give high input to the gate. Now we will see what happens if we give high and low input to the CMOS.

When we give high input, the gate of PMOS is high, thus the PMOS will be turned off and NMOS will turn on, thus the output(Y) will be connected to the ground and the output will be low.

When we give low input, the PMOS transistor will turn on and the NMOS transistor will turn off, then the output will be connected to the Vdd means the output will be high. The output is high when input is low.

DC Characteristics Of C-MOS

As we can see in the above figure that the output is high when the input is low and output is low when the input is high.

Applications Of C-MOS

01. Micro-processor

02. Micro-controller

03. Amplifiers

04. Logic circuits

The integrated circuit means many transistors are used to build a chip. The complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor has some advantages such as low cost, fast operation, low power consumption, etc.

It is a popular metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) logic. CMOS family combines both P and N channel devices in the same circuit to obtain advantages of PMOS and NMOS families.

Characteristics Of CMOS family

01. Propagation delay (25 ns to 100 ns it is greater than TTL).

02. Power dissipation 0.1 MW at 100 kHz and 1 MW at 1 MHz.

03. Speed power product = 0.7 Pj.

04. Fanout 50.

05. Basic gate used NOR or NAND.

06. Fain in 10.

07. Noise margin 1.5 volts.

Advantages Of CMOS Or Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor

01. CMOS consumes less power as compared to TTL.

02. CMOS has a higher margin for noisy signals that is a better noise margin.

03. Fan out is more.

04. Wide supply voltage range so greater design flexibility.

05. CMOS_technology has been used to construct small, medium, and large scales integrated circuits.

06. Because of small power consumption it is useful for application in watches and calculators.

07. Greater packing density so permits more circuitry in a given area.

Disadvantages Of CMOS Logic Family

01. It is slower than TTL.

02. Sensitive to electrostatic charges. Hence precautions to be taken while handling these devices.

03. Switching speed is less.

I hope this article may help you all a lot. Thank you for reading. If you have any doubts related to this article, then you can ask questions for us – Ask Question.

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