Different Types Of Microcontrollers Used In Electric Vehicles, EV

June 7, 2021October 22, 2022 Mayank Rochani

Hello guys, welcome back to our blog. In this article, we will discuss the different types of microcontrollers used in electric vehicles, and how many types of microcontrollers are used in electric vehicles.

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Different Types Of Microcontrollers Used In Electric Vehicles

The use of various microcontrollers in-vehicle electronics, as well as other electronic control units, is expanding. AVR microcontrollers, 8051 microcontrollers, PIC microcontrollers, and other types of microcontrollers are commonly used in automobiles.

A CPU, RAM (random-access memory), program memory, and programmable I/Ps and O/Ps are required for these microcontrollers. Microcontrollers improve the control of today’s autos. The Harvard design ranges from 8bit to 32bit, featuring low-cost CPUs, great performance, and efficient data storage in memory.

Multiplexing allows different Microcontrollers in electric vehicles to communicate with one another. When they are necessary to execute a function, these microcontrollers can use a BUS to communicate with other networks and handle relevant systems separately. The CAN is a network that is made up of multiple interconnected networks (controller area networks).

Sensory systems, automobile speed, exterior rainfall interactions, in-vehicle temperatures with performance controls for air conditioning maintenance, audiovisual multimedia systems, and brake mechanisms are all possible with today’s controller area networks.

The communication in automobiles, which is established by various microcontrollers, has control over both fail-safe systems and automotive fault-tolerant systems, where the microcontrollers can not only serve to respond to mishaps and faults that occur to the car (anti-lock brake interference, accelerator, and broken lights), but also to duplicate as secondary units that continuously check the car (anti-lock brake interference, accelerator, and broken lights).

When the car tires slip on a snow-covered road, this is an example of fault tolerance. The incident elicited a response from the driver, but it was also detected by a sensor microcontroller, which engaged the anti-clock braking system when the driver slammed on the brakes. Different Microcontrollers used for electric vehicles are as follows:-

Infineon Tri-core Microcontroller

Infineon’s tri-core microprocessor is a 32-bit microcontroller. Over 50 car manufacturers use these microcontrollers, which means that every second vehicle designed today uses a Tri-core based microprocessor. It is in charge of reducing exhaust emissions and fuel consumption to the absolute minimum. In gearboxes, tri-core microcontrollers are utilized to control injection and central control units for combustion engine ignition: They are increasingly being employed in electric and hybrid vehicle drives.

Atmel AVR Microcontroller

Microcontrollers from Atmel AVR (Alf-Egil-Bogen-Vegard-Wollan-RISC) distribute power, performance, and flexibility for automotive applications. The Harvard architecture is used in this microcontroller. As a result, the gadget runs extremely quickly with a small number of machine-level instructions. Tiny AVR, Mega AVR, and Xmega AVR are the three varieties of AVR microcontrollers. In comparison to other microcontrollers, AVR microcontrollers have an inbuilt ADC, 6-sleep modes serial data transfer, and an internal oscillator, among other characteristics.

AVRs are employed in a variety of vehicle applications, including security, safety, powertrain, and entertainment. To assist developers working on automotive applications, Atmel has released a new publication called “Atmel Automotive Compilation.” BMW, Daimler Chrysler, and TRW are among the current users.

The M3000 Motor and Motion Control Chip, which included an Atmel AVR Core and an advanced motion controller for use in a range of motion applications, was discontinued by Schneider Electric.

PIC Microcontroller

PIC is the abbreviation for peripheral interface microcontroller. It is programmed and operated to do many activities as well as control a generation line. Microcontrollers can be found in a wide range of applications, including smartphones, autos, audio accessories, and medical devices. PIC microcontrollers in the market right now range from PIC16F84 to PIC16C84, which are low-cost flash microcontrollers. Microcontrollers like the PIC18F458 and PIC18F258 are commonly utilized in autos.

Renesas Microcontroller

Renesas is the most recent automotive microcontroller family, with great performance and low power consumption across a wide range of products. For advanced automotive applications, this microcontroller has incorporated safety features and functional security. These microcontrollers represent the world’s most useful microprocessor families.

For example, the RX family includes devices ranging in memory from 32K flash/4K RAM to an astonishing 8 flash/512K RAM. To achieve exceptionally high performance, this RX series microcontroller has a 32-bit extended Harvard CISC architecture.

To monitor cell voltage, pack temperature, and current, record major defect detection, and adjust cell balance, the RH850 microcontroller (MCU) connects with the ISL78714 multi-cell Li-ion battery manager devices. The daisy chain hardware in the ISL78714 allows for reliable, segregated communication between batteries.

The RH850 can control numerous PWM outputs and interface to numerous CAN, LIN, UART, and RS-485 buses. The reference design is based on the automotive-grade multi-cell Li-ion battery manager reference design kit ISL78714BMS5XBEKIT1Z. For next-generation hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) and electric cars, Renesas offers solutions and evaluation kits (EVs).

Microcontroller 8051

The 8051 microcontroller is a 40-pin microcontroller that uses Harvard design, which separates program and data memory. This microcontroller is found in a wide range of devices, including vehicles because it is simple to incorporate.

To sum up, The majority of electronic control systems in autos have been improved. Consider today’s airbag systems, which typically have two frontal airbags. The rear passenger airbags, as well as many other airbags, are added to this. Similarly, more advanced electrical technologies will be used to improve steering, suspension, brakes, body control functions, and the power train.

In addition, the complexity of systems can increase. Stability management systems, GPS-based navigation systems, by-wire steering and braking systems, speech recognition, and collision warning systems will all be available in the coming years.

I hope this article “Microcontrollers Used In Electric Vehicles” may help you all a lot. Thank you for reading.

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