SMPS, Switched Mode Power Supply, Working, Applications

November 16, 2020December 14, 2022 CS Electrical And Electronics

Hello guys, welcome back to our blog. In this article, we will discuss SMPS (switched mode power supply), working, advantages and disadvantages, applications, and types of power supplies.

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SMPS (Switched Mode Power Supply)

The SMPS stands for switched-mode power supply it is one of the core electrical subjects. The pre-requisite knowledge of power electronics and network analysis is very much essential. These two subjects are the foundation for switched-mode power supply. Nowadays, the SMPS (switched-mode power supply) is mainly used in an electric vehicles for charging and discharging batteries efficiently.

By using SMPS charging circuits are made. SMPS is also used in laptop chargers, smartphone chargers, and in many other places like industries, SMPS is used to produce efficient energy free from unwanted signals. In an Electric vehicle, the AC motor is used because ac motor has many advantages such as low maintenance, and can operate at a wide range of frequency and voltage so to provide pure supply to the motor, the SMPS circuit is used which removes all unwanted signals and produce pure supply to the motor.

Types Of SMPS (Switched Mode Power Supply)

01. Flyback converter: A dc-dc converter that provides isolation between input and output is the flyback circuit. In a fly-back converter, when the switch is closed energy is stored in a magnetizing inductor and when the switch is open the energy stored is transferred to the secondary side.

02. Forward Converter: The forward converter is another magnetically coupled dc-dc converter. The transformer has three windings: windings 1 and 2 transfer energy from the source to the load when the switch is closed and winding 3 is used to provide a path for the magnetizing current when the switch is open.

03. Push-Pull Converter: Another dc-dc converter that has transformer isolation is the push-pull converter.

04. Current-Fed Converters: A circuit that operates by switching current rather than voltage is called a current-fed converter.

A switched-mode power supply is an electronic device that converts power from one form to another form by using a switching device and some storage components such as inductors and capacitors. The operation or working of the switched-mode power supply will be like when the switch is closed the energy will be stored in storage components like a capacitor or inductor and when the switch is open the energy will be transferred to the load.

The number of switching devices and storage components depends upon the type of circuit you are using. In some circuits, there will be one or more two switching devices and in some circuits, there will be two or more two storage components. The high-frequency transformer can be used in the switched-mode power supply.

SMPS is far better than linear power supplies because in LPS the output fluctuates with input which is not desirable, isolation is not possible, efficiency is low, and it is bulky and noisy.

Advantages Of SMPS (Switched Mode Power Supply)

Lower weight
The size of SMPS is small
Efficiency is high
It will reduce costs
It has a low power dissipation
SMPS provides isolation between multiple outputs

Disadvantages Of SMPS

For multiple outputs, circuit complexity will increase.
Electromagnetic interference (EMI) is a natural product of the ON-OFF switching of the switching circuit. This interference can be conducted to the load (resulting in high output ripple and noise) it can be transferred back to the ac line and it can be spread into the surrounding atmosphere.
The rapid switching of the chopping current generates strong interfering signals in the circuit.

Applications Of SMPS